When I do my diversity presentation for high schools, I open with this chart:
It's an immediate attention grabber. Why? Because this highlights the gap in diversity of caucasian and POC authors. This is an
informal survey taken by author Roxanne Gay that breaks out authors reviewed by the NYT in 2011 by race. Nearly 90% are caucasian. This by no means shows a complete breakdown of publishing. But I would venture to say that a more accurate number of published books might even further compound the gap between caucasian authors and POC authors.
Ms. Gay states in her article that "These days, it is difficult for any writer to get a book published.
We’re all clawing. However, if you are a writer of color, not only do
you face a steeper climb getting your book published, you face an even
more arduous journey if you want that book to receive critical
attention. It shouldn’t be this way. Writers deserve that same fighting
chance regardless of who they are but here we are, talking about the
same old thing—these institutional biases that even by a count of 2011
data, remain deeply ingrained."
I am a person of color, a minority, and I am a published author. Did it feel like it was harder for me than a caucasian author to get published? I can't answer that. I have no idea what their path to publication felt like. But I
can talk about my own path and the roadblocks that I came across. I can talk about being told over and over again by other writers and publishing professionals that no one would buy a book about ancient Korea. I can talk about having my writing ridiculed by saying it reads like a bad translation of a Chinese book, even though English is my native language, and I'm not Chinese. I have numerous tales of the type of dissuading I endured, but I didn't give up because I believed that there needed to be more books like mine out there. And I was extremely lucky to get published by a wonderful publisher.
I wrote a children's book. Historically, children's books have always been a wonderful place to find multicultural books... at least compared to other areas of publishing. With librarians and teachers looking for diversity, there have been many more multicultural titles in children's publishing. Although I would not say it is the same for YA. In this aspect, I am speaking most specifically about chapter, picture and middle grade books. Or so I believed. But now I have a new graphic to share in my diversity presentations.
This is a new graphic by Lee & Low books that put an end to my rosy colored view of diversity and publishing in children's. The percentage of books by and about people of color has hovered around 10% for nearly 20 years. When I first saw this graphic, I was absolutely stunned. I had no idea how little had changed. And when I read the accompanying article
here, I found myself nodding my head in dismay.
Betsy Bird, School Library Journal blogger at A Fuse #8 said "The public outcry for more multicultural books has so far been more of a public whimper." And I have to ask, why? Is the problem supply or is the problem demand?"
From the viewpoint of a minority woman, I believe the demand is there. But maybe the default of "white culture" is so ingrained that even minorities don't know to demand for more. We read what is there. What's available to us. They say girls read boy books but boys don't read girl books. Is the parallel POC read white books but whites don't read POC books? I don't think so. I think that the truth is, they are not exposed to them.
Publishers seem to believe that multicultural books just don't sell as well. But do they get the same marketing push as non-POC books? Are all things equal when they are sent out into the world? I would hazard a guess that they are not. Because if you do not believe that multi-cultural books will sell well, then you will not put the marketing money behind them and thereby you create a self-fulfilling prophecy. Now I have been lucky, my books have had terrific marketing support from my publisher. So the question then goes to the other side of the coin. Where are the booksellers, the librarians, the teachers on pushing the multicultural books? It's not just enough to ask publishers to publish the books, there must be help from the other side. There has to be a support system for these books once they are published, to help get them into the children's hands. And that is not all up to the publisher.
I once asked a YA librarian if she thought there were enough diverse titles and she said that they were there, but you just have to know how to look for them. Isn't that part of the problem? That they are invisible and no one knows about them? How are they shelved in bookstores and libraries? How easy are they to find? Of the 112 titles chosen by YALSA for the 2012 Best Fiction for Young Adults list, less than 10% were by POC authors. The 2013 list is looking like it may fare even worse. So if teen librarians are looking to these lists that are so woefully underrepresented, does this not aggravate the underlying problem?
One thing that really stood out for me is this series of questions by Ms. Bird
, "Finally, we need to officially address how we feel about white authors
and illustrators writing books about people of other races. Is it never
okay? Sometimes okay? Always okay?"
To this - I want to offer up a
response from writer Claire Light because I couldn't say it better:
"What I want to add to the debate is a small piece of truth that gets
glossed over. In response to the complaint of white writers about
writing about people of color: "Damned if you do. Damned if you don't," I
want to say: Absolutely.
It's absolutely true. You're damned either way. Race and racism exist in this society,
and if you ignore them, you're expressing a racial privilege...
If you do do it and get it "wrong", you'll get reamed, and
rightfully so. It's presumptuous of you to think that you have the right
to represent a culture you don't belong to if you can't be bothered to
properly examine and accurately portray that culture.
Further, if you do it and get it "right", or rather, don't
get it wrong, you'll still get reamed by members of that culture you've
represented who rightfully resent a white writer's success representing
their culture. After all, every American ethnic minority has its
writers: good and bad. The good writers are mostly ignored. Inevitably,
some white writer will come along and do a bang-up job portraying that
culture and will get--in one book, in one section of a book--more
attention than the poc writer got over the course of three or five or
ten books.
You're a white writer trying to do the right thing, but no matter
what you do, it's wrong. And that's so unfair to you, isn't it?
Welcome to a tiny taste of what it's like to be a person of color."
I want to tell you an honest truth people, because of all the racism I have endured in my life (and even seeing the racism my own children have had to face) I cannot help but resent when caucasians write about Asian culture. Yes, I resent them. I absolutely do. Yet, at the same time, I appreciate them for at least trying to do it, when they do it right.
It is a complicated situation. There is no easy answer. We need diversity in literature. We need it desperately. Diversity is not only for the under-represented—the
truth is, diversity is important for everyone. All people need to be exposed to
other races and other cultures in positive ways. All people need to learn
tolerance and acceptance of differences. When we promote only a homogeneous
view of society in our literature and our media, and deem books or movies about
minorities as unsuccessful, it harms everyone. And so it is important that all authors include diversity in their books.
But there is that part of me that wonders why is it that when I see a list about what Asian fantasy books are out there, the books are predominantly by caucasian authors. Are POC writers not writing them or are they being passed over for books written by non-POC authors instead? And why is it that books by or about POC don't tend to sell as well as other "mainstream" books. What is the difference? Is it the difference in how they are marketed? Is it their cover art? Where they are placed in the bookstore or library? How they are pushed or not pushed by the booksellers, librarians, and teachers?
The reality is, there are just not a lot of POC authors out there. We are not representing the 37% of our population when we only amount to 10% of publishing. When you look at diversity panels or even the YA tag in racebending.com, the authors tend to be predominantly white because they reflect publishing.
This is why I can't help but be resentful. I freely admit it. It sucks being a POC author sometimes. You feel invisible. You feel passed over. And true or not, it feels harder for us to get to tell our own stories. And that shouldn't be the way things are.
I want to see more of me in publishing. I want to see more POC authors overcoming the publishing barrier and writing about their cultures. I want to see diversity panels filled with... diversity! We need to be performing on stage with our counterparts, not just watching in the audience.
We need to represent.
We need to belong.
